Milk

Cow's milk is a food liquid made mostly of water, with fat, proteins, lactose and minerals.

Characteristics

Contains on average 87 % water, 4.6 % lactose and 3.3 % protein.
Casein makes up about three quarters of its protein.
Supplies calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and other minerals.
Cow milk is approved in the EU as a basic substance (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1004).

Role in the preparation: Serves as a nutrient medium rich in sugars and proteins for the growth of lactic acid bacteria in fermented preparations.

Caution: Use fresh milk, keep containers clean, discard mixtures that smell rotten and check local regulations before any use.

Sources: University of Guelph - Dairy Science and Technology: Composition and structure overview · Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/1004 approving the basic substance cow milk

Documentary information: this is neither a recommendation for use nor a plant-protection or veterinary claim. Check your country's regulations before any use.